We all know from our filmgoing experience that there are less women onscreen. USC put out a new study analyzing the top grossing films of 2009 and confirms what we know to be true. There are more men in the movies. Women buy 50% of the tickets and yet we don't have 50% of the representation onscreen. And let's not talk about off screen. That number is sadly much worse.
The study shows that women make up only 32.8% of the speaking roles. That's 2.05 males characters for each female character.
They also counted the number of women who directed the top grossing 100 films and the number is a whopping 4 which makes up 3.6%. (Betty Thomas, Alvin & the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel; Anne Fletcher, The Proposal; Nancy Meyers, It’s Complicated; Nora Ephron, Julie & Julia.) Women writers make up 13.5% of the writers and 21.6% of the producers. This number is down from 8% in 2008.
Other findings:
Women onscreen are stereotyped - women are shown more as parents, in relationships, and are younger than their male counterparts. There are more men onscreen (35.2% vs. 22.2%) than women between 40 and 64 years old.
Women are sexualized - this makes me crazy. Women wear more sexy clothes, expose skin, and are referenced more as attractive. And this happens for teenage girls as well as adults.
But there is some good news.
Women hire women - When women are involved behind the scenes, they create more roles for women by a factor of 10%.
Here's the conclusion:
Overall, the landscape of cinematic content is still grossly imbalanced. Females are not only infrequent, but they are also stereotyped and sexualized in popular motion picture content. Little change has occurred across the three years studied, with absolutely no movement in the percentage of females working behind-‐the-‐scenes in key gatekeeping positions. As for on screen portrayals, an increase was observed. In the percentage of films depicting gendered-‐balanced casts. But this increase was a hair shy of our 5% criterion. Less than one‐fifth of roughly 300 films evaluated featured stories with gender parity. Very few films featured females as the majority of speaking characters, however (2007=5 movies; 2008=6 movies; 2009=5 movies). Clearly, females are not as valued as males onscreen, behind‐the-camera, or as consumers of motion picture content. Otherwise, our findings would be different.
Gender inequality still has a starring role in Hollywood, USC study finds (LA Times)
The shows that are cited made have been created by women, but look how many women were hired to
This is wonderfully articulated -- thanks for reposting, Melissa!
Even show's like ABC's hit series, "Once Upon A Time," one of my favorites that
Maybe he changed his first name too...lol
9 Comments
Yan Yin | December 2, 2011 2:34 AM
I really recommend watching the documentary "MissRepresentation" which talks about women, girls, and the media. http://missrepresentation.org/
Michael Medeiros | December 1, 2011 10:48 AM
It's really a ridiculous state of affairs and the only remedy is for writer's to script them, producers to produce them and directors to film them. I'm currently in post on my first feature, Tiger Lily Road a dark comedy in which 4 of the 6 leads are women. We're on FB at tigerlilyroadmovie and are looking for support as we head toward the festival and distribution hurdles.
Kathleen | November 30, 2011 10:28 PM
This is why I'm not a big moviegoer or TV watcher. It's so damn male-dominated.
Last year, I decided to only go to movies that have strong female protagonists. I will not spend my hard-earned money on a male-dominated film. If a critical mass of women and men would consistently boycott male chauvinistic films, we would probably see some change.
BTW, Jem's info about women being an extreme minority in the fields of active duty military, cops, politicians, doctors, lawyers, and CEOs is very dated. 50% of medical and legal students are women, 20% of politicians are women and over 10% of active duty military are women. It is extremely male chauvinistic to think that those jobs are more interesting than nursing, teaching, office work, feminist activism and full-time unpaid homemaking.
I would rather see a movie about a teacher or nurse battling the system than a film about a CEO who exploits his workers and stay-at-home wife and gets away with it. And I certainly prefer a film about a great feminist activist than one about a "great man" of history.
Jem | November 30, 2011 6:23 PM
To be fair, women are an extreme minority in the fields of active duty military, cops (and criminals), politicians, doctors, lawyers, and CEOs. You know, jobs that are inherently interesting enough to have movies made about them. Clearly there are movies that aren't job driven, but many genres and conventional story arcs are. You aren't going to see as many women in those films.
What we see on the screne won't change until (and unless) the society it reflects does.
Esther | November 28, 2011 7:28 PM
Really interesting article, Melissa. And as for Twilight, clearly that's not a film for guys. However, it's also a film (and a book series) that doesn't do girls and women any favors either. I think Lisa Schwarzbaum's review of "Breaking Dawn," which was also a critical look at the series (book and movie versions) said it best:
"[Kristen Stewart's Bella i]s maddeningly inarticulate. She's distressingly passive. She's a bad role model for girls. So, I say enough. Enough with Bella's depressed, ragdoll posture and her eternal gloom. And a pox on Breaking Dawn, the movie, for its contented complicity with Stephenie Meyer's ultimately awful message to millions of readers. What we learn in this all-pain/no-pleasure episode is that marriage feels like a life sentence, weddings are miserable events, honeymoon sex is dangerous and leaves a bride covered in bruises, and pregnancy is a torment that leads to death in exchange for birth. Also, during pregnancy, families fight like werewolves and vampires. Way to go, YA message. At least Bella's wedding gown is pretty. Ooh! Cue the fashion blogs."
http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20483133_20518825,00.html
I'm looking forward to future articles about increasing visibility for women - strong, diverse portraits of women in different life stages and roles - in film.
Anita | November 27, 2011 8:36 PM
Brian, there was no mention in the article about the films surveyed showing or not showing a preference for men. The article looks at speaking roles for women vs speaking roles for men and the statistics for that are not skewed. It's a fact that there are twice as many roles for men as women and of the roles for women, they are often more stereotyped into the roles of girlfriends, wives, grand-mother. They are more often secondary and supporting characters with less character dimension. They are younger than their male counterpart and more sexualised. I'm all for entertainment. I'm also all for entertainment where women are protrayed as complex, multi-dimentional, non-sexualised, older than 35 and not just a girlfriend/wife/grand-mother. Which is why I watch shows like The Good Wife.
brian | November 26, 2011 9:34 PM
Stats can be skewed to mean anything. Let's take Twilight. I bet the stats show enormous 'preference' for men. For a start there's the two male leads versus Bella. Plus all the gung-ho wolfpack. Plus Bella's dad is more involved in most of the story than mum. So Twilight, according to the stats, can be portrayed as male-dominated, male-focussed, etc.
And the same case could be made for Harry Potter. And probably Pixar. So I say the analysis is wrong.
I prefer to enjoy movies for one of their core functions - ENTERTAINMENT - instead of presuming bias in everything associated with movie-making.
anna | November 24, 2011 11:52 AM
"Women are sexualized "
Of course they try to justify this by saying women just aren't visual, you know, ogling hotties is strictly a male thing. Yeah right. Men just don't like to think of their own bodies being judged- too bad sweetie! Women are not seeing Twilight for the articles.